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Venetian Arsenal
The Venetian Arsenal ((イタリア語:Arsenale di Venezia)) is a complex of former shipyards and armories clustered together in the city of Venice in northern Italy. Owned by the state, the Arsenal was responsible for the bulk of the Venetian republic's naval power during the middle part of the second millennium AD. It was "one of the earliest large-scale industrial enterprises in history".
==Overview==
Construction of the Arsenal began around 1104, during Venice's republican era.〔〔Norris, R.M. "(Carpaccio's ''Hunting on the lagoon'' and ''two Venetian ladies'': A vignette of fifteenth-century Venetian life )." ''College of Fine and Professional Arts of Kent State University Master of Arts Thesis.'' August 2007. Accessed 30 January 2010.〕 It became the largest industrial complex in Europe prior to the Industrial Revolution,〔Tassava, C.J. "(Launching a Thousand Ships: Entrepreneurs, War Workers, and the State in American Shipbuilding, 1940-1945 )." ''Northwestern University Ph.D. Thesis.'' June 2003. Accessed 30 January 2010.〕 spanning an area of about , or about fifteen percent of Venice.〔Giove, S., Rosato, P. & Breil, M. "(A multicriteria approach for the evaluation of the sustainability of re-use of historic buildings in Venice )." ''Sustainability indicators and environmental valuation paper - Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei.'' October 2008. Accessed 30 January 2010.〕 Surrounded by a rampart, laborers and shipbuilders regularly worked within the Arsenal, building ships that sailed from the city's port. With high walls shielding the Arsenal from public view and guards protecting its perimeter, different areas of the Arsenal each produced a particular prefabricated ship part or other maritime implement, such as munitions, rope, and rigging. These parts could then be assembled into a ship in as little as one day.〔Atauz, A.D. "(Trade, piracy, and naval warfare in the central Mediterranean: The maritime history and archaeology of Malta )." ''Texas A&M University Ph.D. Thesis.'' May 2004. Accessed 30 January 2010.〕 An exclusive forest owned by the Arsenal navy, in the Montello hills area of Veneto, provided the Arsenal's wood supply.
The Arsenal produced the majority of Venice's maritime trading vessels, which generated much of the city's economic wealth and power, lasting until the fall of the republic to Napoleon's conquest of the area in 1797.〔O’Connell, G.C. "(Venice, the lagoon and the Adriatic Sea: a historic struggle for survival )." ''Central Connecticut State University Master of Science in International Studies Thesis.'' August 2005. Accessed 30 January 2010.〕 It is located in the Castello district of Venice, and it is now owned by the state.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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